Guiding Principle II
Students exercise and display multiple intelligences through the arts.
Building on the work of educational psychologist Jean Piaget, Howard Gardner and his colleagues at Project Zero of the Harvard Graduate School of Education developed the theory of multiple intelligences. In Frames of Mind and subsequent books, Gardner proposes that there are seven types of intelligences.10
Multiple Intelligences (*Explore and Discover)
Linguistic intelligence, related to words and language, and involved in imaginative writing such as poetry, fiction, and playmaking;
Logical-mathematical intelligence, related to deductive reasoning, an affinity for numbers, and the ability to see fundamental patterns and structures in science and philosophy;
Spatial intelligence, related to visualization and the capacity to create representations and structures in two- and three-dimensional space, and involved in visual art, architecture, dance, and theatre;
Kinesthetic intelligence, characterized by a sensitivity to physical movement and trusting one's body to do things, and involved primarily in dance and theatre;
Musical intelligence, related to the sensitivity to patterns of pitch and rhythm and involved primarily in music and dance;
Interpersonal intelligence, related to a heightened awareness of human relationships and the ability to communicate effectively, and involved in all collaborative work in the arts; and
Intrapersonal intelligence, characterized by an awareness of one's belief system and its effect on action, and involved in reflective processes in all the arts.
E&D brings "the classroom close to the world of work, where people with diverse training and intelligences collaborate to construct meaning or produce a product."
Explore and Discover and The Frameworks